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KEGG Pathway Report
Basic Info
| ID | hsa04916 |
|---|---|
| Name | Melanogenesis |
| Description | Cutaneous melanin pigment plays a critical role in camouflage, mimicry, social communication, and protection against harmful effects of solar radiation. Melanogenesis is under complex regulatory control by multiple agents. The most important positive regulator of melanogenesis is the MC1 receptor with its ligands melanocortic peptides. MC1R activates the cyclic AMP (cAMP) response-element binding protein (CREB). Increased expression of MITF and its activation by phosphorylation (P) stimulate the transcription of tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), and dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), which produce melanin. Melanin synthesis takes place within specialized intracellular organelles named melanosomes. Melanin-containing melanosomes then move from the perinuclear region to the dendrite tips and are transferred to keratinocytes by a still not well-characterized mechanism. |
| No. of Genes in ADHDgene | 15 |
| Source | Pathway by Database Search |
Pathway related genes in ADHDgene (count: 15)
Literature-origin genes (count: 2)
| Approved Symbol | Approved Name | Location | No. of Studies (significant/non-significant/trend)  |
|---|---|---|---|
| GNAO1 | guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha activating activity polypeptide O | 16q13 | 1(0/1/0) |
| GSK3B | glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta | 3q13.3 | 1(1/0/0) |
Genes from other sources (count: 13)
| Approved Symbol | Approved Name | Location | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| PRKCB | protein kinase C, beta | 16p12 | Mapped by significant region |
| WNT11 | wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 11 | 11q13.5 | Mapped by significant region |
| WNT10A | wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 10A | 2q35 | Mapped by significant region |
| MAPK3 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 | 16p11.2 | Mapped by CNV |
| WNT6 | wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 6 | 2q35 | Mapped by significant region |
| CAMK2D | calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II delta | 4q26 | Mapped by CNV |
| PLCB2 | phospholipase C, beta 2 | 15q15 | Mapped by PBA pathway |
| MAPK1 | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | 22q11.2 | Mapped by LD-proxy |
| TYR | tyrosinase (oculocutaneous albinism IA) | 11q14-q21 | Mapped by significant region |
| FZD4 | frizzled family receptor 4 | 11q14-q21 | Mapped by significant region |
| MC1R | melanocortin 1 receptor (alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone receptor) | 16q24.3 | Mapped by significant region |
| PLCB3 | phospholipase C, beta 3 (phosphatidylinositol-specific) | 11q13 | Mapped by significant region |
| ADCY4 | adenylate cyclase 4 | 14q11.2 | Mapped by significant region |